Beyond the price. Explore the evolution of the system itself — the computing power securing the chain, the economics of mining, the demand for block space and the activity moving across the network.
Connecting to network data…
—Estimated network computing power
—Current proof-of-work difficulty
—Unconfirmed transaction data
—Observed in provider's mempool
01 / Mining & security
The cost of securing Bitcoin
Hashrate estimates and protocol difficulty reveal the growth of the competition to produce valid blocks.
Includes block subsidy and transaction fees; USD valuationUSD / day
Hashrate is an estimate, not a directly observable counter. Daily estimates fluctuate with random block discovery. Difficulty is a protocol parameter adjusted every 2,016 blocks; it is not a hashrate unit.
02 / On-chain activity
How the network is used
Confirmed transaction counts and block composition show how demand for Bitcoin block space has changed.
Approximate schedule only; block height determines the event.
05 / Methodology
Read the data correctly
Metric definitions
Hashrate: estimated from observed block production and difficulty. Daily values are noisy; use the displayed source methodology and avoid treating estimates as exact physical measurements.
Difficulty: protocol value that changes at retargets, approximately every two weeks (2,016 blocks).
Miner revenue: USD value of block subsidy plus transaction fees. It is not miner profit; electricity, hardware, hosting and financing costs are excluded.
Transaction fees: total BTC paid to miners each day. Fee rate (sat/vB) is a separate measure of the price paid for block space.
Transactions per block: reported daily average. Block sizes, weights and transaction types vary, so this is not a protocol limit.
Mempool: observed by a provider's node(s); different nodes can hold different unconfirmed transactions.
Sources, coverage & limitations
Firsthand Bitcoin Data — historical daily mining and on-chain series; free API, no key, attribution requested.
mempool.space API — current mempool, fee estimates and difficulty adjustment snapshot.
Historical coverage varies by metric. The chart uses the actual dates returned by each source; gaps are not filled with fabricated values.
All chart dates are displayed in UTC. Latest historical point may lag the current live snapshot.
Daily hashrate and miner revenue are estimates/aggregates as defined by the provider. Always consult the linked methodology before using figures in research.
Bitcoin Years